Behavior and cognitive techniques symptoms of obsessive compulsive, disorder. (2001). Article 552218, DeNoon, D. J. Maria treatment plan would consist of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), medication and family counseling. These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as increased heart rate and shakiness. Neurotransmitters transmit chemical impulses from neurons to neurons. Copyright © 2003 - 2021 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. ... itâs easy to jump to the conclusion that OCD is a possible culprit. Anafranil (Korn,2001). Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) can be treated. Durand, V, & Barlow, D. (2007). This serotonin increase produces changes in the receptors in nerve membranes (Korn,2001). In this chapter, we’ve discussed Communication Apprehension or CA. Health Essays - Treatment OCD Disorder. Conclusion In conclusion, this paper described what OCD is, and how this disorder affects people around the world. Anxiety or depression and disruptive behaviors may also occur with OCD. The severity of the symptoms decreased in the patients and some were described as being in remission. On week one she will touch each family member on the shoulder and if it is fearful to do deep breathing techniques, then on weeks to come get her to comfortable hug her children without the need to shower. (2015) that exposure-based CBT is an effective treatment for OCD in community children and adolescent outpatient clinics. In children and adolescents with OCD with moderate to severe functional impairment, NICE guidance recommends CBT (including ERP), involving family or carers and adapted to suit the developmental age of the child. This could have been the reason she had great amounts of guilt that caused her to do her religious obsessions and cleaning compulsions. From Clara Weaks’ book, Healing Your Bad Nerves (out of print), I remembered that there were three phases to panic and an anxiety … More research ⦠Biological Treatments for OCDIV. Medications that seemed to work the best were those that are serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI), Serotonin reuptake inhibitors showed more improvement in their moods to where they could finally work on their OCD behaviors. The causes can vary as well and even then medical professionals cannot say with certainty what causes a person to suffer from OCD. New RCTs are needed to evaluate different formats and intensities of psychological therapies in direct comparison with pharmacotherapy and should include data on costs and quality of life (utilities) of patients over the course of the trial follow-up. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Company Registration No: 4964706. CBT for obsessive-compulsive disorder involves two components: 1. Info: 3278 words (13 pages) Essay Published: 8th Mar 2016 in Health Reference this An OCD is a permanent state of mind in which a person has constantly repeating intrusive ideas or thoughts, which people with an OCD believe can only be neutralized by certain acts or rituals. Compulsions on the other hand are repetitive behaviors. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder presents itself in many guises, and certainly goes far beyond the common misconception that OCD is merely a little hand washing or checking light switches. Now we know and understand the different treatments and medication in helping a person with OCD, I believe there is a strong possibility that Maria can overcome her OCD behaviors that she has. Biological ModelsF. I think Maria will need spiritual counseling, first because of her religious Catholic background that has put a lot on her; she does not feel she can live up to those expectations where she spends many hours a day performing rituals in order to feel clean and pure. Washington, DC: American psychiatric. We underline the importance of adhering to treatment guidelines recommending ERP for OCD. It removes the stigma that people think “therapy” is and allows the individual to determine their own care on mental health (Wagner, 2009), it is a person-centered therapy ,where the therapist is passive in the clients care and tries to avoid interpretations (Durand & Barlow, 2001). we can turn to what environment plays on someone have this disorder. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 2(2), 145-151. Religious factors play an enormous environmental influence that is correlated as a risk factor of having OCD (Higgins, 1992). In conclusion, there has been research done that suggest that genetics is the main factor in developing OCD. A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological interventions for the management of obsessive–compulsive disorder in children/adolescents and adults. Their conscious mind knows it is ridiculous and bizarre it is to continue to do these actions (Allison, 2008). OCD can be complicated to deal with, and after some time, the illness can prevent you from even doing simple routine tasks. This program consisted of a 90-minute individual therapy session, and four hours of homework five days a week. Dell’ Osso, B., Altamura, A.C., Mundo, E., Marazzeri., D., & Hollander.E. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and mental disorders in general tend to get a bad rap in our society. Future Directions Genetic and environmental. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder whose main symptoms include obsessions and compulsions, driving the person to engage … Obsessive-compulsive disorder, also known as OCD causes people to suffer in silence and secrecy and can destroy relationships and the ability to work. Speech Anxiety: Conclusion. Published: 1st Jan 2015 in Hill, N., & Beamish, P. (2007). The results of this review support a range of effective options, both pharmacological and psychological, for the management of OCD in all age groups. Maria will also be restricted to the total of spiritual rituals she could do. The most common side affects are sleepiness, dry mouth, and nausea. OCD is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV and the ways it has been studied. Seeing petunias at a funeral (environment) triggered the start of Maria’s obsessive compulsive behaviors. Introduction Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling psychopathology. They observed the relationship between the different medications that were used to treat OCD to see if OCD behavior improved and which psychologically treatment made the most improvement. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Conclusion Bibliography Alex Vines Conclusion. NICE guidance does not currently distinguish between higher and lower cost SSRIs, but given that prescribing is recommended for extended periods (12 months and beyond), a focus on the cheaper SSRIs (e.g. OCD responds well to psychological treatments including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure and ⦠Durand and Barlow (2007) state that in every psychological disorder, both genetics and environment have to be considered. She will need to find ways to cope with her anxiety and stress when she has to reframe from washing her hands. Cognitive, behavior therapy and medication in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive. Kennedy, J. L. (2002). disorder. Therapy and medications are helpful to help people with obsessive compulsive disorders. Conclusion. Conclusion Because Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a common mental illness that affects hundreds of thousands of people worldwide, there has been a plethora of research conducted to establish many different treatment strategies. In peer reviewed article, “Cognitive behavior therapy and medications in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder,” the researcher’s studied to determine what treatment would best help a person suffering from this disorder. Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd is dedicated to providing an ethical tutoring service. OCD is considered as an anxiety disorder. Diagnosis and SymptomsA. Cognitive ModelsD. This is also relevant to the recommendation that for those with severe illness, the combination of SSRI and BT is used. Maria can have this; it will be hard work but worth the price she has to pay to be free of this disorder that has held her hostage for so many years. There are behaviors that are inherited which a person is vulnerable to, which can be activated under stress or an environmental situation (Durand, & Barlow, 2007). The PET scores also showed an increase in a person’s right dorsal anterior anterior cingulated cortex activity along with improvement in their OCD symptoms (Douglas, 2008). Wit with anxiety she become more obsessed with staying clean and holly where she became more extreme in washing and cleaning, so she will feel clean and pure. Will give information on how genetics contribute to OCD and the part of the brain that is affected. oth physiological and cognitive components of anxiety are addressed in the 21 items describing subjective, somatic, or panic-related symptoms (Kingsbury & Williams, 2003). On the contrary, many people with OCDs are less likely to harm people or to be inaccurate and negligent. In Maria’s case she grew-up as a strict Catholic, which she continued through her life. Sometimes this cycle can take hours in a person’s day that will interfere with “normal” daily activities. The evidence we found did not stratify the analyses in accordance with the severity of the illness so we could not justify this approach from the empirical data, although it might appear sensible from a clinical perspective. A person with OCD is plagued with recurring and distressing thoughts and fears that they spend hours distressing over (obsessions) that they cannot control. Relationship between religion-related factors and obsessive, compulsive behavior. Vimali. A person most often know their obsessions and compulsions are unrealistic, they cannot stop from doing them (Webmd, n.d,.). Regarding the relative effectiveness of treatments, our review highlighted the great uncertainty surrounding the published randomised evidence. I would give Maria assignments each week to help Maria begin to be comfortable touching and hugging her children and husband. Does CBD Work for OCD? A person with OCD tries or attempts to restrain or not pay attention to these thoughts and recognizes that it is only in their mind. Durand, & Barlow state that genes play a role in certain abnormalities, the environmental causes need to be triggered in order to activate a disorder such as OCD (2007). OCD symptoms tend to emerge in childhood, around age 10, or in young adulthood, around age 20 to 21, and they often appear earlier in boys than in girls. Again, there is considerable uncertainty in the economic model, which makes it impossible to definitively identify a single most cost-effective treatment strategy. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, also known as OCD, is one of the worldâs most widespread and potentially harmful diseases out there. Eight patients experienced an exacerbation of OCD symptoms, with a mean increase on the YBOCS of 21%. Environment factors that came from a horrible divorce or from traumatic events of sexual abuse (Grisham, Anderson, & Sachdev, 2008). Retrieved April 4, 2010 from http://www. Issues of blinding in psychotherapy trials should be taken into account. Rituals are prevented by not allowing the person to perform their compulsions (Dell’ Osso, Altamura, Mundo, Marazziti, Hollander, 2007). Psychotherapy trials should exclude patients taking concurrent medications during the period of the trial. If you note two or more items in any group, this is an indication that you should specifically address those concerns in your self-help program.Don't be surprised if ⦠essays about anxiety disorders. Theories of cognitive therapy claim that we are what we think we are. Freud also believed that obsessive-compulsive behaviors are caused by conflicts unconsciously in the mind that manifested in OCD illness. Given the risk of withdrawal and side effects in this young population, a strategy of reserving SSRI and combined SSRI and CBT therapy to children and adolescents who have not responded to a full trial of CBT and who have had a multidisciplinary review seems appropriate. Obsessive compulsive disorder. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience; 258 (3) p 107-116. C. (2006). It was concluded by Torp et al. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. New hope for treatment people with obsessive compulsive disorder. Everyone has experienced emotions such adults says he or she because children are not always Obsessive-compulsive disorder. If you note two or more items in any group, this is an indication that you should specifically address those concerns in your self-help program.Don't be surprised if you check more than one item in several groups. Anxiety is a normal, but highly subjective, human emotion. Maria’s family will have the opportunity to express how they feel and doubt her love because she does not touch or get near them so she understands how her disorder affects them. Retrieve March 10, 2010 from http:// www. Although clomipramine had a slightly larger effect size, we did not have any convincing statistical evidence to suggest that clomipramine is more effective. Fine, S. (2007). The PET scans showed changes in normalized regional glucose metabolism and bilateral decreases in normalized thalamic metabolism. Part II Neurotransmitters that are linked to OCD; then the medications that are prescribed to a person with OCD. When does perfectionism signal obsessive compulsive disorder? Writing a conclusion involves summing up the paper and giving a very brief description of the results, although you should not go into too much detail about this. This could have influence her to have so much guilt which in turn caused her to do have religious obsessions. Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. Theory and TreatmentA. (2007). It has been found in the brain of a person with OCD, that there is more activity in the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex, there are increased activity in other parts of the frontal area and the thalamus. Conclusion Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a complex and sometimes frightening anxiety disorder. In Maria’s case her mom showed strong OCD tendencies with the her many superstitions (genes). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic, and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and/or behaviors (compulsions) that he ⦠Serotonin is a chemical that takes one messages from one neuron to another (Dryden-Edwards, 2005). They are urge to complete the actions of their unconscious mind, to get temporary relief from their high intense anxiety. Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear. Large-series placebo-controlled, double-blind studies are recommended. In this case, it can be classified as an anxiety disorder. There are neurotransmitters that are linked to it, genetic contributors to this disorder, and different brain abnormalities that influence this disorder. These behaviors take up a person’s time and interfere with a person’s daily normal functions (APA, 2002). They are also significantly cheaper and can also be used in conjunction with other therapies. These forms of anxiety are ⦠However, individual suffering, functional impairments as well as the direct and indirect costs associated with the disease remain substantial. Bates, R. (2009). Anxiety Panic Attack & Agoraphobia--Impact of Conclusion Thinking Part IV How to shift Jane from her conditioned response of anxiety to freedom was my challenge. The compulsive rituals are performed trying to attempt of preventing the obsessive thoughts and make them go away. The choice of the most cost-effective psychological therapy depends, to a large extent, on the subset of RCTs informing effect size estimates. As discussed above, there was some indication that behavioural approaches were more effective than SSRIs but we cannot be certain of this conclusion. Based on the limited evidence available, our findings suggest that this is a reasonable initial treatment strategy. More research needs to be conducted on the environmental reasons a person has obsessive compulsive disorder to sustain that the combination of genetic and environmental factors a person end up having psychological disorders. The ritual might make the anxiety go away for a time, the person then must perform the ritual again when the obsessive thoughts return. It would be important to still be involved in her faith, but needs to limit the amount the time on spiritual rituals such as praying. Expressive attempts to relieve symptoms through understanding their thought and feelings that possible they might not be aware of. Retrieved March 25, 2010 from http://www. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors work by slowing the reuptake of serotonin and postponing how it is affects the synapse. Cross-sectional surveys of patients with OCD and their families should be conducted to provide new information on the wider societal cost of OCD and might also be used to provide additional evidence on the quality-of-life (utility) impact of OCD. These studies are particularly needed in children and adolescents, where there is no strong evidence currently. (List taken from Rais, 2008 article titles Obsessive Compulsive Disorder). Need to things perfect and is excessive in doing so. Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. Retrieved March 26, 2010 from, Schonbeck, J. We can custom-write anything as well! *You can also browse our support articles here >. I will determine the final outcome of Maria’s disorder by applying these techniques. Given the increased tolerability of SSRIs, our review supports the recommendation that these should be used as a first-line treatment. If trials with high risk of bias owing to ‘incomplete outcome assessment’ are excluded, no CT trials remain and the difference in effect size between BT and CBT is much smaller (see. Explore a big database【WITH NO SIGN UP】– 100% FREE Anxiety Essay Examples All popular types of essays Argumentative, Persuasive, Narrative & Research Papers. Cognitive CharacteristicsC. When the cerebral cortex are under active a person has a hard time controlling their OCD behaviors and actions (Dryden-Edwards, 2005). The evidence suggested that behavioural interventions could be more effective than SSRI medication, but there is a great deal of uncertainty and we cannot confidently make that recommendation on the basis of the current evidence of clinical effectiveness. Different approaches to psychotherapy. In conclusion, the evidence broadly supports the approach of the NICE guideline. To qualify for this procedure a person has to have had at least three SRIs that have failed. An OCD is not an anti-social psychological disorder. Psychodynamics model uses expressive or supportive methods to treat a disorder. Order custom written essays, research papers, theses, Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd dissertations and other college assignments from our experienced writers. Promoting the original content that will satisfy the Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd customers, the experts are ensuring the academic success of the students and making them come back for more essays. Although there is not a cure for OCD, and its exact origins are not specifically known by science or medicine at this time, there is help for those who suffer from compulsions, obsessions, and severe or intense anxiety created by unwanted thoughts and inaccurate beliefs. Family FactorsB. Researchers have investigated and determine that an environmental factor influences a person having OCD. If all RCTs are included, the considerably larger effect sizes of CT and BT (compared with CBT) make them most likely to be cost-effective options at current NICE thresholds. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder OCD stands for obsessive-compulsive disorder. When it comes to insurance companies or other third party reimbursement such as Medicaid fast outcome are important. OCD affects both men and women equally and it affects about two percent. Please refer to an authoritative source if you require up-to-date information on any health or medical issue. Retrieved March 5, 2010, from http://www.webmd.com. Conclusions: clinical effectiveness. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Everyone occasionally has intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Info: 4925 words (20 pages) Essay The six that are commonly used are fluvoxamine (Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (paxil), citalopram (celexa), and clomipramine (anafranil). Epidemiology and Clinical CourseB. Tailoring the format and intensity of CBT might make it more cost-effective. A brief history of obsessive compulsive disorder. With each of these medications come possible side effects, which do not cause any permanent damage. I feel spiritual counseling is needed first because if she can feel accepted by God she can begin working on the other OCD behaviors. These six OCD symptoms may signal something more. (2008). The mainstay of treatment includes cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) and medication management. Maria sometimes worries if she is devoted enough and over whether she is performing the rituals perfectly where she began doing rituals that takes up hours and hours of her day. This difficult condition can be the result of many, varied causes. We will not breach university or college academic Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd integrity policies. After getting an understanding the research that has been done on the biological aspect of OCD, Researchers researched and noticed a strong correlation that genetics play a big role in a person developing OCD, but no factual evidence. Cognitive model suggested that our thoughts influences behavior. Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd Submit your instructions to our writer for free using the form below and receive bids from qualified writers within minutes. (2005). Summary and Conclusions This chapter summarises the main findings of the report, including new evidence which questions some of the myths and taboos around mental ill-health and work. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2016 Jun. Mason, OH: Cengage Learningnike, M. A. Studies had shown that this device has made great improvement in people’s life and some has even returned back to work (De Noon, 2009). If a SSRI is used, the choice of drug has important economic implications. Obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD, is an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted and uncontrollable thoughts (obsessions) and/or repeating certain behaviors over and over again (compulsions) (Baldridge). epeated thoughts, feelings compose the obsessive part of the disorder while actual drive to do those actions repeatedly falls … As mentioned before, Maria was predisposed to OCD and it was activated from the environment by the petunias at the funeral. While normal anxiety serves a beneficial and adaptive purpose, anxiety can also become the cause of tremendous suffering for millions of people. Once the genetic and environment influences are understood they can determine the best treatment. More RCTs are needed comparing medications with psychotherapies in a single trial. Allison, A. Guilt thrives from these thoughts where they pray over and over again, repeatedly confessing to purge the fear that they are “Doomed to hell” (Higgins, 1992). Part IV Explain the best medical treatment and most effective treatment in helping a person overcome OCD. I would start by having her talk to her priest to get an understanding that she is clean, God accepts her, and she does not have to pray hours a day in order to feel accepted and considered clean. The person recognizes their obsessions or compulsions are excessive and unnecessary and unreasonable. Journal of Counseling & Development, 85(4), 504-510, O’Connor, K., Aardema, F., Robillard, S., Pelissier, M., & Todorov. If Maria wants it and puts her whole heart into her treatment plan, she can have a bright fulfilling future. Psychoanalysis is a verbal therapy to help a person receive freedom from their emotional pain. How this will be done is after leaning relaxation techniques she will be advised to do the weekly assignments in a relaxed state. Retrieved March, 28, 2010 From http:obsessive compulsive-disorder, American Psychiatric Association. Exposure and response prevention 2. Place Your Order and Use this Coupon Code: SUPER20" The anxiety produced from these thoughts lead to urgent need to perform rituals on a continuous basis (compulsions). Here are a few essay writing services that you can hire to get a good quality paper. Cognitive therapy Excessive washing that takes up hours of each day. Once a person is able to get their OCD under control and is able to cope with the environment influences (stressors) in their life they may or may not need to continue medication. Conclusion Paragraph For Essay On Ocd, emilio maggio phd thesis, nurse residency essay sample, do job resume microsoft word 2007 In Maria’s mind she felt she wasn’t religious enough, where to get relief from her anxiety she would devote more hours than a “normal” religious person would to perform religious rituals hours each day. The NICE guideline118 recommends a ‘stepped care’ approach towards managing OCD in both adults and young people. I. Working from a biopsychosocial perspective, this article provided an overview of the origin and functional purpose ⦠Study for free with our range of university lectures! Anybody reading the conclusion has read the entire paper, so the conclusion merely acts as an aid to memory. Existing RCT evidence could be further used in individual patient data meta-analyses to provide a fuller picture about any association between symptom severity and (cost) effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological therapies. The symptoms can vary widely with some people having just a few symptoms and others having all the symptoms. Maria need realize nothing bad will happen if she doesn’t have a clean house. Family therapy would be, not to allow Maria to place huge demands on her children and husband to stay clean by not giving into her by taking a shower when they come home and not washing their hands every time she demands. There are several biological aspects of OCD. It is a strong disabling condition that can persists throughout a person’s life. Conclusion - Anxiety Disorders Crisis Intervention Services are available 24 hours a day by calling, toll-free 1-800-621-8504 (903-472-7242) (28) Retrieved April1, 2010. A study published in 2015 stated that CBDâs anti-compulsive properties may help alleviate the symptoms of OCD (1).The study also outlined CBDâs promise in treating anxiety disorders, which are also associated with OCD. It may bring on shame, ridicule, anger, and intolerance from friends and family. Maria who is a 38 year old woman, who lives in Pittsburgh, married and has four children. Obsessions are recurring and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that are intrusive that are not only “excessive” worries. Serotonin is of the neurotransmitters that influence our behavior. Retrieved April 1, 2010, from http://www.webmd.com article 570212, Dryden-Edwards, R. (2008). The majority of people with Data was collected on the family structure, health of the family, lifestyle of the family, if there were any complications at the babies birth, events that happened in their life, and other environment factors in their life. 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